Exploring Uzbekistan by Train: A Guide for First-Time Visitors

Written By Becca Rooney

Exploring Uzbekistan by train is one of the most rewarding ways to travel through the country. Whether you're heading to the ancient Silk Road cities or venturing off the beaten path, Uzbekistan’s rail system makes the journey part of the adventure, not just the means to get there.

With a mix of sleek high-speed trains and slower, Soviet-style sleepers, the network connects most major destinations and offers something for every kind of traveler. It's efficient, surprisingly affordable, and gives you the chance to experience the landscapes and everyday life from a local perspective.

In this guide, you’ll find everything you need to know about train travel in Uzbekistan, from the best routes to what to expect onboard, how to book your tickets, and which trains to choose depending on your time, budget, and travel style.

Why Choose Train Travel in Uzbekistan?

For travelers exploring Uzbekistan, trains offer a perfect balance of speed, comfort, and cultural immersion. Here are a few reasons to opt for rail travel over planes or buses:

  • Scenic and Comfortable: Especially on high-speed routes like Tashkent–Samarkand–Bukhara, trains offer spacious seating, air conditioning, and scenic views of the countryside.

  • Affordable and Reliable: Train fares are budget-friendly, and services are generally punctual.

  • Efficient for Major Routes: The rail network conveniently connects key tourist cities like Tashkent, Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva.

  • More Eco-Friendly: Trains are a greener alternative compared to flying or long-distance car travel.

Traveling by train also allows you to engage more with local culture, whether that’s chatting with fellow passengers or observing daily life through the windows as you pass rural villages and ancient towns.

Types of Trains in Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan’s rail system offers several types of trains, ranging from sleek high-speed options to slower, more traditional services. Choosing the right one depends on your route, budget, and how you want to experience the journey.

Afrosiyob (High-Speed Train): The Afrosiyob is the most popular choice for tourists, and for good reason. It’s clean, air-conditioned, and covers long distances in just a few hours. This Spanish-built train connects Tashkent with Samarkand, Bukhara, and, more recently, Urgench (for Khiva). It’s fast, efficient, and feels more like traveling on a European train than something you'd expect in Central Asia.

If you're short on time or just want a smooth ride between cities, this is your best bet. Just make sure to book ahead tickets can sell out quickly, especially in spring and autumn.

Sharq and Other Intercity Trains: If you’re not able to snag a ticket on the Afrosiyob or you’re looking for a more affordable option, the Sharq is a solid alternative. It also runs between the main tourist cities but takes a bit longer and has a more traditional train feel.

These trains may not be as fast or sleek, but they’re still comfortable and a good way to slow down and enjoy the journey. Bonus: they’re usually easier to book last minute.

Overnight and Regional Trains: Heading to places like the Fergana Valley or making the long trip from Bukhara to Khiva? Overnight trains are the way to go. These slower, Soviet-style trains offer various sleeper classes, ranging from open-plan bunks (Platskart) to private two-person compartments (SV).

The vibe here is completely different. It’s not about speed, but about sharing space, conversations, and tea. Bring snacks, a refillable bottle, and something to read or watch, and settle in for a unique part of your journey.

Tip: Don’t expect much onboard service - bring snacks, water, and maybe a travel pillow, the experience can be cozy, but amenities are limited.

How to Book Train Tickets in Uzbekistan

Booking train tickets in Uzbekistan is easier than it used to be but there are still a few things that are helpful to know before you dive in. You’ve got a few options, depending on how early you're planning and how comfortable you feel navigating local systems.

Booking Online

The easiest and most reliable way to book train tickets in Uzbekistan is through the official Uzbek Railways website: https://eticket.railway.uz/en/home The site has an English-language version and allows you to view schedules, choose your seats, and pay with an international card. You’ll need your passport information to complete the booking, and you’ll receive an e-ticket that can usually be shown on your phone or printed out. Booking online is especially useful for high-speed Afrosiyob trains, which tend to sell out quickly during busy travel months.

Buying Tickets at the Station

If you prefer to book in person, you can purchase tickets directly at railway stations. This can be a convenient option if you’re already in the country and making last-minute plans. However, be prepared for some language barriers, as most signage and staff communication is in Uzbek or Russian. You’ll need to bring your passport, and while some stations accept card payments, it’s a good idea to carry cash just in case. Arrive early, especially in smaller cities, where queues can be longer and service may be slower.

Using a Hotel or Travel Agency

If you're already in Uzbekistan and want to avoid the hassle, many hotels and guesthouses (especially in Tashkent, Samarkand, and Bukhara) can book train tickets for you. They’ll usually charge a small service fee, but it’s a stress-free option. This is a great solution if you’re not comfortable navigating the online system or don’t want to visit the station yourself.

Can You Change or Cancel Tickets?

Yes, most train tickets can be exchanged or refunded, but rules depend on how far in advance you cancel. If you booked online, you can usually make changes directly through the website (small fees may apply). If you booked at a station or through an agency, you’ll need to return to the place where you purchased the ticket.

What to Expect Onboard

Once you’ve got your ticket and found your platform, you might be wondering what’s it actually like onboard? The experience can vary quite a bit depending on the type of train you’re on, but whether you're flying across the desert on the Afrosiyob or curling up in a bunk on an overnight ride, here’s what to expect.

Afrosiyob High-Speed Trains

If you’re riding the Afrosiyob, you can expect a modern, clean, and efficient experience. The trains are air-conditioned and come with comfortable, assigned seating in all classes. Economy class is spacious enough for most travelers, but Business and VIP offer larger seats and extra legroom. Some trains also serve light snacks and drinks, particularly in the higher classes, and there’s usually a dining car if you want to grab something more substantial during your ride.

Wi-Fi is sometimes available, but it’s not guaranteed and when it does exist, the connection can be spotty. Restrooms are clean and functional, and there’s space above the seats or at the end of each car for storing luggage. Overall, the Afrosiyob offers a smooth, Western-style train experience and is well-suited to international travelers.

Slower and Overnight Trains

If you’re taking a regional or overnight train such as Sharq or a sleeper service to the Fergana Valley, you’ll notice a different vibe. These trains are older and less polished than the high-speed Afrosiyob, but they offer a more authentic and communal travel experience. In Platskart (open-plan sleeper cars), you’ll be sharing the space with locals, which can be a unique cultural experience if you’re open to it. In Kupe or SV class, you’ll have a compartment with a door, shared with up to three other passengers (or just one other, in SV).

Bedding is usually provided on overnight trains, including a mattress pad, sheet, pillow, and blanket. There are toilets and sinks at the end of each car, though they can vary in cleanliness depending on the route and duration of travel. Most long-distance trains have a samovar (hot water boiler), so bringing tea, instant coffee, or a cup of noodles is a smart move.

There typically isn’t food service on these trains, so it’s a good idea to pack your own snacks and water. In some cases, vendors may come through the aisles selling drinks, sweets, or savory pastries, but don’t rely on this if you're traveling a long distance.

Tips for Smooth Travel

A bit of prep goes a long way when it comes to train travel in Uzbekistan. While most journeys are straightforward, these tips will help you avoid common mishaps and make the whole experience feel smoother from start to finish.

Book Early, Especially for Popular Routes

Trains between major tourist destinations like Tashkent, Samarkand, and Bukhara can sell out quickly, especially during peak travel seasons (spring and fall). Booking a few days in advance, or even earlier if possible, will give you better options for seats and departure times. This is particularly important for the high-speed Afrosiyob, which has limited seating and is in high demand.

Bring Essentials for Longer Journeys

For longer or overnight trips, it’s smart to pack your own food, water, and some basic comfort items. While Afrosiyob trains may offer light refreshments, slower or regional trains often don’t provide food service at all. A reusable water bottle or some snacks will go a long way.

It’s also a good idea to bring hand sanitizer, tissues, and a small travel pillow just in case your journey is a bit longer or more rustic than expected.

Carry Your Passport and Ticket (Digital or Printed)

You’ll need to carry your passport and your train ticket (printed or digital), as conductors will check them either before boarding or shortly after departure. Digital tickets are increasingly accepted, especially if booked through the official Uzbek Railways website, but having a paper backup is never a bad idea especially in case of poor phone signal or a dead battery.

Arrive Early at the Station

Most train stations in Uzbekistan have airport-style security checkpoints at the entrance. Arriving at least 30–40 minutes before departure is recommended, particularly in larger stations like Tashkent or Samarkand, where it can take a bit of time to find your platform. Smaller stations are usually more relaxed, but early arrival is still a good habit.

Use a Translation App

Finally, be ready for a bit of a language gap. While signage is improving in tourist areas, most of it is still in Uzbek or Russian. Conductors and staff might not speak much English, so having a translation app on your phone can be a lifesaver, whether you’re trying to ask which platform your train leaves from or what time it arrives.

FAQ: Train Travel in Uzbekistan

Is train travel in Uzbekistan safe for tourists?
Yes, train travel in Uzbekistan is considered very safe, even for solo travelers. Trains are well-patrolled, and passengers are generally respectful. Overnight journeys in Kupe or SV class offer additional privacy and comfort. As always, it’s smart to keep valuables close and be aware of your surroundings.

Are train tickets refundable or changeable?
Tickets can usually be refunded or exchanged, but policies depend on how far in advance you cancel. Online bookings through the official Uzbek Railways website often allow changes for a small fee. If you bought your ticket at a station or through a travel agency, you'll need to go back to the same location to make changes.

Is there a luggage limit on Uzbekistan trains?
There’s no strict baggage policy, and most travelers bring suitcases, backpacks, and personal items without any issues. Luggage racks are located above seats or at the ends of carriages. For overnight trains, there’s space under the lower bunks in Kupe and Platskart cars.

Can I travel without speaking Uzbek or Russian?
Yes, though knowing a few basic phrases or having a translation app will make things smoother. Railway staff and conductors may speak limited English, especially on routes popular with tourists. Still, most signs in major stations are increasingly labeled in English.

Do trains run on time in Uzbekistan?
Generally, yes. The Afrosiyob high-speed trains are known for their punctuality. Slower or regional trains may experience delays, particularly during harsh weather or on less-traveled routes, but these are typically minor.

Final Thoughts

Whether you’re racing across the steppe on a high-speed Afrosiyob or taking a slower journey to a less-visited corner of the country, train travel in Uzbekistan is an experience that adds depth and rhythm to your trip. It’s not just a way to get from city to city, it’s a chance to watch the landscape change, meet locals, and travel in comfort.

For tourists, the Uzbek railway system offers a reliable, affordable, and surprisingly easy way to explore the country’s rich history and diverse culture. With just a little planning and curiosity, you’ll find that riding the rails is one of the best ways to connect the dots on your Silk Road adventure.

Planning to travel to Kyrgyzstan? Visit Explore Kyrgyzstan: 10 Must-Do Experiences in Central Asia's Hidden Gem for my personal recommendations of things to see and do!

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Becca Rooney
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